组合数据类型

1. 列表

# 列表
list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
print(list)

# 索引
print(list[1])

# 切片
print(list[::-1])

# 内置函数
print(min(list))
print(max(list))
print(len(list))
print('-------------------------')

# 遍历
for i in list:
    print(i)

for i, index in enumerate(list):
    print(i, index)

for i in range(len(list)):
    print(i, list[i])

# 常用方法
# 添加元素
list.append('a')
list.extend('extend')
print(list)
print('-------------------------')

# 插入元素
list.insert(1, 'b')
print(list)
print('-------------------------')

# 根据索引删除元素
list.pop(1)
print(list)
print('-------------------------')

# 删除指定元素
list.remove(1)
print(list)
print('-------------------------')

# 清空列表
list.clear()
print(list)

2. 元组

# 元组
tuple1 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
print(type(tuple1))
print(tuple1)

temp_tuple = (1,)  # 元组中只有一个元素时，加一个逗号
print(type(temp_tuple))
print('-------------------------')

# 类型转换
# str ---> tuple
print(tuple('abc'))

# list ---> tuple
print(tuple([1, 2, 3]))
print('-------------------------')

# 索引
print(tuple1[1])

# 切片
print(tuple1[::-1])

# 常用方法
print(min(tuple1))
print(max(tuple1))
print(len(tuple1))
print('-------------------------')

# 遍历
for i in tuple1:
    print(i)

for index, item in enumerate(tuple1):
    print(index, item)

for i in range(len(tuple1)):
    print(tuple1[i])

3. 字符串

# 字符串
str = 'sunxiaochuan,liubo'

print(min(str))
print(max(str))
print(len(str))
print('-------------------------')

# 遍历
for i in str:
    print(i)

for index, item in enumerate(str):
    print(index, item)

for i in range(len(str)):
    print(str[i])
print('-------------------------')

# 常用方法
print(str.islower())
print(str.isupper())
print(str.count('c'))
print(str.split(','))
print(str.find('l'))

4. 字典

# 字典
d = {}
print(type(d))  # <class 'dict'>

# 新增值（键值对）
d['name'] = 'sunxiaochuan'
d['age'] = 33
print(d)

# 获取键值对
print(d['name'])

# 修改
d['age'] = 30
print(d)
print('-------------------------')

# 遍历
for i in d:
    print(i, d[i])

for k, v in d.items():
    print(f'{k} = {v}')

for k in d.keys():
    print(k)

for value in d.values():
    print(value)
print('-------------------------')

# 常用方法
# d.pop('name')
# print(d)

new_dictionary = d.copy()
print(new_dictionary)

name = d.get('name')
print(name)

# d.popitem()
# print(d)

d.update({'age': 50})
print(d)

5. 集合

# 集合
s = set()

s = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
# s1 = set([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])  # list ---> set
# s2 = set((1, 2, 3, 4, 5))  # tuple ---> set
# s3 = set('12345')  # str ---> list
# s4 = set({'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 1})  # dict ---> list

# 常用方法
print(1 in s)
print(len(s))
print(min(s))
print(max(s))
# del s  # 删除集合

s.add('a')
print(s)
s.remove(1)
print(s)
s.update({'a', 'b', 'c'})
print(s)

print('-------------------------')

# 遍历
for i in s:
    print(i)

print('-------------------------')

s1 = {1, 2, 3, 'a', 88}
s2 = {'c', 'b', 3, 1, 'f'}
print(s1 & s2)  # 交集
print(s1 | s2)  # 并集
print('-------------------------')

# 去重
s3 = set([1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7])
print(s3)